Research on new power system construction methodology
Xin Baoan, Chairman of the Board and Secretary of the Party Group of the State Grid Corporation of China
Energy is the foundation and driving force for human civilization and progress. It is vital to national economy, people's livelihood, national security, and human survival and development. Further promote the energy revolution and accelerate the planning and construction of a new energy system." Under the goal of "double carbon", the construction of a new power system is the key content and important carrier of the construction of a new energy system, and it is a very challenging and pioneering system engineering.
At present, it is crucial to balance the tripartite relationship between energy security, energy equity and environmental sustainability with high quality, which requires profound adjustments in economic development, energy mix and energy consumption patterns. In terms of energy security, with the large-scale and rapid development of new energy, the balance of electric power, stable system operation, power regulation and management, and the supply guarantee of key mineral raw materials will face new challenges; In terms of energy equity, carbon reduction measures such as large-scale development of new energy, clean and efficient use of coal, carbon capture and utilization will drive up the cost of electricity supply, and how to channel the cost and expand the space for value improvement is crucial. In terms of environmental sustainability, China's realization of the "double carbon" goal is tight and difficult, large-scale development and utilization of new energy is limited by regional environmental carrying capacity, and the energy and power industry has increasingly become a key component of the national green low-carbon circular development economic system. Building a new type of power system is the key to promote the high-quality development of energy and power under the mutual constraints of safety, economy and low carbon.
The new power system is an open and complex giant system involving all aspects of the whole society, and its construction needs overall development and security, to ensure the continuous and reliable supply of electricity, to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid, and to promote the efficient consumption of new energy. The construction of a new power system should fundamentally follow the goal of serving the country's "dual carbon", accurately understand the logic and law of the development of the power system, clarify the key difficulties such as "what is" and "how to build" of the new power system, and form the methodology of the construction of a new power system.
Deep understanding of the new power system
Five major positioning, five major connotation, five major characteristics
Facing the unprecedented changes in a century, the new power system should anchor five major positions in economic and social development. The new power system is the basic guarantee for promoting Chinese-style modernization, the inevitable choice to ensure national energy security, the supporting platform for promoting carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, an important driving force for the construction of a new development pattern of services, and an organic carrier for achieving high-quality energy development.
Adhere to the new development stage, implement the new development concept, and build a new development pattern of services, and the five connotations of the new power system are gradually clear. Coordinating national energy security, green and low-carbon transformation and high-quality economic and social development requires the whole link of the new power system to exert efforts, focusing on the transformation of power supply composition, power grid form, load characteristics, technical foundation, operation characteristics and other fields. Specifically, the composition of power sources has shifted from fossil energy power generation to large-scale renewable energy power generation. The power grid form has changed from a one-way and step-by-step transmission network of "transmission and distribution" to a multi-directional two-way mixed hierarchy network. The load characteristics change from rigid and consumption type to flexible and prosumable type; The technical foundation has changed from supporting mechanical electromagnetic systems to supporting electromechanical/semiconductor hybrid systems; The operation characteristics have changed from "source with load" one-way planning and regulation to "source, network, load and storage" multiple collaborative interaction.
The new power system is an important carrier of the new energy system, with five characteristics: clean and low-carbon, safe and controllable, flexible and efficient, intelligent and friendly, and open interaction. The new power system is based on the AC synchronous operation mechanism, relying on large-scale and high-proportion renewable energy power generation, conventional energy power generation as an important component, a strong smart grid as the platform, source-grid-load-storage synergy interaction and multi-energy complementarity as an important supporting means, deeply integrating low-carbon energy technology, advanced information and communication technology and control technology, to achieve a high proportion of renewable energy on the power supply side, safe and efficient and flexible allocation of resources on the power grid, and fully meet the multi-load demand on the load side, so as to adapt to the future energy system reform. Economic and social development, power system in harmony with the natural environment.
Deeply grasp the construction logic of new power system
Based on the positioning, connotation and characteristics of the new power system, the construction of the new power system should be based on "ten principles". To be specific, The construction of a new power system should be based on the basic principles of adhering to the leadership of the Party to strengthen party building, adhering to the promotion of green development of energy revolution, adhering to scientific and technological self-reliance, adhering to the balance of development and security, adhering to the balance of supply and transformation, adhering to the promotion of industrial synergy, adhering to the overall situation, adhering to the integrity of innovation, adhering to the problem orientation, adhering to the system concept of "ten adhere". Keep up with the pace of The Times, comply with practical development, and achieve overall consideration, comprehensive promotion, highlighting key points, and precise efforts.
The construction of the new power system should follow the three logic of history, reality and development, and solve the current major theoretical and practical problems on the basis of consolidating the advantages of the construction of the new power system, so as to realize the macro vision of serving the construction of the new energy system and the construction of China's socialist modern power.
In terms of historical logic, the construction of new power system should be based on the outstanding advantages of China's energy field, and the basic conditions of the new power system should be consolidated. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, China has unswervingly promoted the energy revolution, made historic achievements in clean and low-carbon energy transformation, and made solid steps in high-quality energy development. In general, the advantages of the construction of the new power system are mainly based on four aspects: the advantages of the Party's leadership and the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, the advantages of the complete power industry system, the advantages of the ultra-large scale market, and the advantages of diversified economic and social development.
In terms of practical logic, the construction of a new power system should clarify the new characteristics and new needs of energy transformation and high-quality development, and coordinate the relationship between the global and local, current and long-term, domestic and international, as well as the market and policy. In general, focusing on the main line of further promoting the new energy security strategy of "four revolutions and one cooperation", major theoretical and practical issues that need attention are mainly reflected in the following five aspects: Explore more intensive and efficient ways of using energy as soon as possible, control total energy consumption, and curb unreasonable energy consumption; China will continue to improve its energy security supply capacity, and establish a comprehensive energy supply system that covers the safe supply of strategic resources, the reliable operation of the production, supply, storage and marketing system, and the effective coordination of security risk management and emergency support capabilities. By promoting the construction of a major scientific and technological innovation paradigm in the energy field, we should balance the important role of the new power system industry in creating a new driving force for economic growth and the important goal of improving the security guarantee ability of the industrial chain. We will continue to deepen reform in the energy and power sectors and strike a balance between macro-control, the market and the rule of law. Take the power sector as an entry point to improve international energy cooperation.
In terms of development logic, focusing on the future, it is necessary to build a new power system to serve the construction of a new energy system, and to support the role of energy in China's economic and social development. The new power system is a key component of the new energy system, and the construction of the new power system is an important way to play a role in the economic and social development of our country. From the connotation and requirements of the new energy system, the starting point and destination of the construction of the new energy system is still the issue of energy security. The primary driving force for building a new energy system is major scientific and technological innovation. The strong driving force for the construction of a new energy system is industrial innovation and business model innovation. The core of the construction of a new energy system is the modernization of energy governance system and governance capacity. An important way to build a new energy system is to raise the level of international energy cooperation.
We will accelerate the establishment of a new power system innovation system
In recent years, China has basically formed a national innovation system in which the government, enterprises, research institutes and universities rely on the four corners of the technological innovation support service system. The report to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China stressed the "central position of innovation in China's overall modernization drive." The national science and technology innovation system includes not only the innovation capability system with "hard" conditions such as innovation subjects, innovation activities and innovation elements, but also the system system reflecting the "soft" environment such as the institutional mechanism, innovation culture and innovation ecology that promote innovation. In important areas involving national security and national strategy, it is more necessary to improve the new national system on the basis of studying and judging the development trend of technology, break the bottlenecks and constraints of resources, technology, talent and other factors, enhance the overall efficiency of the innovation system, improve the systematic capacity, and comprehensively promote the innovation breakthrough of various subjects.
The new power system is a major national modernization project and an important focus for breaking the bottleneck of coordinated development of economy, energy and environment. It needs to take into account major changes in the external environment, coordinate the new requirements for economy, energy and environment put forward by the goal of building a modern socialist country in an all-round way, and rely on the national innovation system. We will promote the formation of an innovative organizational system paradigm with universal significance under the new nationwide system. The methodology of the construction of the new power system follows the overall idea of "macro-situation research and judgment - energy development reality - drive system building". Based on the research and judgment of the current situation and the actual development of energy in China, an innovation system including theoretical innovation, form innovation, technological innovation, industrial innovation and organizational innovation is formed. Promote the construction of a new power system and serve the construction of a new energy system.
In the dimension of theoretical innovation, it is necessary to innovate the basic theoretical system of energy and electricity, promote the organization and integration of basic scientific research in China, and promote the cross-integration and innovation of multi-disciplines and new power systems. Specifically, promote the consensus of the whole society to form a basic understanding of the main contradictions and solutions in the process of building a new power system; Carry out the basic theory research of new power system, and establish the theoretical system of power system construction and operation under the three-way equilibrium constraint of "safety-economy-low-carbon"; To innovate the scientific research direction in the field of energy and power, strengthen interdisciplinary, cross-cutting and deep integration, and promote the continuous improvement of the soft technology system of the new power system in the dialectical development of theory and practice.
In the dimension of form innovation, based on understanding the characteristics of the form evolution of the energy system, we should study and judge the innovation trend of the charge and storage form of the source network, play the role of the power grid, and lead the transformation and upgrading of the modern energy system and the construction of the new energy system with the new power system. To be specific, the mechanism and cognition of energy system form evolution should be innovatively constructed to form a standard paradigm to promote the expansion and reshaping of energy system form; The power grid will lead the transformation and upgrading of the energy system, and give play to the important role of the power grid in realizing the multidimensional overall planning of the large energy system; The inclusiveness of the power grid will further promote the extension of the large energy system to the economic system, and promote the large energy system to be more secure, efficient and economic.
In the dimension of technological innovation, it is necessary to follow the system concept and technical laws, comprehensively promote the construction of the technological innovation system of the new power system, and enhance the technological innovation capacity in the energy field. Specifically, the construction of a new power system technology innovation system that includes four major scientific and technological innovation technologies: basic, urgent, forward-looking and subversive; Give full play to the strategic leading role of intellectual property rights and standards, and establish a supporting system of intellectual property rights and technical standards for new power systems; We will promote the construction of relevant major scientific and technological infrastructure and platforms, and build a collaborative innovation mechanism featuring resource pooling, complementary advantages, and win-win cooperation.
In the dimension of industrial innovation, it is necessary to have a panoramic understanding of the development trend of the new power system industry, identify the new characteristics and new trends in the value form, collaborative mode and spatial layout of different categories of power industries such as basic industries, digital industries and emerging industries, achieve high-quality development of the new power system industrial chain, and innovate to create the energy industry ecosystem. Specifically, describe the overall picture of the new power system industry, and dynamically study and judge the new energy use market and business mode; Based on the new power system industry value creation model, to promote the innovation of business format with points and areas; Innovate industrial investment and financing methods to promote a virtuous cycle between finance and power entity industry; To innovate the development model of enterprises and the way of industry leadership; It will form a new model of industrial transfer at home and a global resource allocation and market pattern at the international level.
In the dimension of organizational innovation, it is necessary to smooth and promote the integration of traditional and emerging production factors as the core, to build a large platform organization model of the industry, and to comprehensively improve the resource allocation capacity and management efficiency in the energy field with the construction of markets, mechanisms and platforms. Specifically, clarify the positioning of traditional and emerging factors, and promote multi-factor aggregation; Strengthening market synergies for new power systems; Promote the mechanism optimization of the new power system; Relying on the new power system technology innovation Alliance, strengthen its important role in gathering consensus, promoting the optimal combination of various elements, and striving to seize the commanding heights of energy and power science and technology.
Deepen the research and practice of new power system
The construction of a new power system involves many fields and has a wide range of influence, which is a strategic, revolutionary and overall change. In the next step, combined with the goals of Chinese-style modernization and the requirements of the construction of a new energy system, aiming at the basic theory, core technology, key equipment and frontier fields of the new power system, exploration, research and practice should be carried out in the following aspects.
First, adhere to systematic thinking to carry out energy transition research. On the power side, we will overcome the active support technology for new energy power generation, improve the networking capacity of new energy and the utilization level of clean coal. On the power grid side, improve the simulation of large power grids and advanced transmission technology, and fully support the large-scale development and high-level delivery of large-scale wind power bases in the desert Gobi desert. On the load side, we will break through technologies such as multi-energy conversion and utilization, energy conservation and carbon reduction, and help realize electrification, efficiency and reduction of energy consumption.
The second is to deepen the power supply situation analysis and technological innovation. Adhere to the overall development and security, research and determine the influencing factors at different stages of development, integrate the "big cloud intelligent chain" technology, accelerate the research and development of key technologies for the security and stability control of the power system, and make breakthroughs in the coordinated and optimized scheduling of coal power and new energy power generation, the interactive response of demand side resources, the synergistic linkage of source and network load and storage, and the integration of electricity, hydrogen and carbon as soon as possible. Continue to improve the system's flexible adjustment capacity, safe carrying capacity, and emergency supply capacity.
Third, promote the integrated development of electric power innovation chain and industrial chain. Focusing on major technological innovation directions such as new energy storage and electric carbon synergy, we will accelerate the layout and cultivation of emerging industries. Through the innovation chain of technology research and development, mutual recognition of standards, transformation of achievements and equipment manufacturing, we will promote the vigorous development of new businesses, new models and new forms of business. Strengthen the deep integration of "production, university, research and application", promote the application of innovation achievements, accelerate the development of the first set of technical equipment for new power systems, and promote the formation of world-class modern industrial clusters.
Fourth, in-depth study of the new power system development roadmap. Combined with the important development trends of energy allocation becoming increasingly platformized, energy production accelerating clean, energy consumption highly electrified, energy science and technology innovation integration, and energy formats continuing to digitize, give full play to the role of new power system technology innovation alliance as a platform, bridge and link, and adopt the method of combining theory and demonstration. The key nodes, forms and characteristics of the evolution of the new power system are analyzed, and the future development scenarios are forecasted.
